Performance Articles | Backend Study Lab

System Design Jul 1, 2026 6 min read

Database Connection Pooling Explained

Learn database connection pooling for backend systems, including pool size, timeouts, leaks, max connections, queues, monitoring, and common mistakes.

Java Jul 1, 2026 5 min read

HashMap Collision Handling Explained

Learn how HashMap collision handling works in Java, including buckets, hashCode, equals, tree bins, load factor, bad keys, and performance.

System Design Jul 1, 2026 5 min read

N+1 Query Problem Explained

Learn the N+1 query problem in backend apps, including ORM loading, SQL examples, eager loading, batching, joins, query counts, and fixes.

Java Jun 30, 2026 4 min read

HashSet vs TreeSet in Java

Compare HashSet and TreeSet in Java by ordering, uniqueness, contains performance, null handling, memory cost, and practical backend use cases.

Java Jun 30, 2026 4 min read

TreeMap vs HashMap in Java

Compare TreeMap and HashMap in Java by key ordering, lookup complexity, range queries, null handling, memory overhead, and backend use cases.

System Design Jun 29, 2026 5 min read

Caching Strategies Explained

Learn common backend caching strategies, including cache-aside, write-through, write-behind, TTLs, invalidation, and cache stampede risks.

System Design Jun 28, 2026 4 min read

Database Indexes Explained

Learn how database indexes work, why they speed up reads, when they slow down writes, and how backend developers should choose indexes.

Java May 10, 2026 6 min read

Time Complexity of Java Collections

A practical reference for Java collection time complexity, including ArrayList, LinkedList, HashMap, TreeMap, HashSet, and PriorityQueue.

API Design Apr 5, 2026 5 min read

Pagination Strategies for REST APIs

Compare offset, cursor, and keyset pagination for REST APIs, including tradeoffs, response shapes, sorting, and backend performance.

Java Mar 8, 2026 4 min read

HashMap Load Factor Explained

Learn what HashMap load factor means in Java, how it affects resizing, memory usage, collision risk, and lookup performance.